Dalam bahasa Indonesia, kalimat pasif dibentuk dengan cara membalikkan subjek menjadi objek dan objek menjadi subjek. Contohnya seperti berikut.
- Kalimat aktif
Mereka memberi informasi pada saya. - Kalimat pasif
Saya diberi informasi oleh mereka.
- Aktif
I write the letter.
[Saya menulis surat itu.] - Pasif Positif
The letter is written by me.
[Surat itu ditulis oleh saya.] - Pasif Negatif
The letter is not written by me.
[Surat itu tidak ditulis oleh saya.] - Pasif Tanya
Is the letter written by me?
[Apakah surat itu ditulis oleh saya?]
a. Tindakan
The letter is written by me.
[Surat itu ditulis oleh saya.]
b. Keadaan
The letter is written.
[Surat itu dalam bentuk tertulis.]
Untuk bentuk pasif dalam bentuk tense lain, perhatikan tabel berikut ini.
Nama Tense | Aktif | Pasif |
I am writing the letter | + : The letter is being written. - : The letter isn't being written. ? : Is the letter being writtenl | |
I have written the letter | + : The letter has been written. - : The letter hasn’t been written. ? : Has the letter been written? | |
I wrote the letter | + : The letter was written. - : The letter wasn’t written. ? : Was the letter written? | |
I was writing the letter. | + : The letter was being written. - : The letter wasn’t being written. ? : Was the letter being written? | |
I had (I'd) written the letter. | + : The letter had been written. - : The letter hadn’t been written. ? : Had the letter written? | |
I will (I'll) write the letter, atau I am going to write the letter | + : The letter will be written atau The letter is going to be written - : The letter won’t be written atau The letter isn't going to be written ? : Will the letter be written? atau Is the letter going to be written? | |
I will have written the letter | + : The letter will have been written - : The letter won’t have been written ? : Will the letter have been written? |
Ada beberapa kata kerja yang tidak bisa dijadikan pasif, seperti have [memiliki], lack [kekurangan], dan suit [cocok]. Contohnya seperti berikut.
- I have a pair of shoes.
[Saya punya sepasang sepatu.]
Bukan : A pair of shoes is had by me. - The country lacks good governance.
[Negara itu kekurangan pemerintahan yang baik.]
Bukan : Good governance is lacked by the country - The jacket suits you.
[Jaket ini cocok denganmu.]
Bukan : You are suited by this jacket.
- Aktif Positif
I can write the letter
[Saya menulis surat itu] - Pasif Positif
The letter can be written
[Surat itu bisa ditulis] - Pasif Negatif
The letter can’t be written
[Surat itu tidak bisa ditulis] - Pasif Tanya
Can the letter be written?
[Bisakah surat itu ditulis?]